Nikon D3200
ApertureThe amount of light that is let into the camera is adjusted by the aperture. Aperture is critical as it controls the depth of field (amount in focus). Aperture can be measured in F-stops/F-Numbers. The preset mode for this on a Nikon is the 'A' diagram on the dial and on the Canon it is the 'AV' diagram, these modes help us to manually control the F-stops/F-numbers so that we would get the picture that we're aiming for.
A higher F stop scale would be F/16 since the number is higher, however, it is known as the small aperture as it allows less light into the camera since the cameras shutter is smaller (this can be seen on the diagram on the right side). Therefore more of the image is in focus. This would be ideal for when taking photographs and wanting to capture everything in the frame such as photographs of a group of people or photographs of a view. A lower F stop scale would be F/1.4 since the number is lower but it is known as the large apertures it allows more light into the camera because the cameras shutter gets bigger. More light will allow less of the image to be in focus which is ideal for when wanting to isolate an object from everything else that would be in the frame e.g. a person on their own or an object on its own, the lens would blur out the background. However, this can also be done automatically, for large aperture you set the camera up on portrait mode (the woman/woman in hat diagram) and for small aperture you set the camera up on landscape mood (the mountain diagram). |
The Nikon D3200 is an DSLR Camera.
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Shutterspeed:
Shutter speed or exposure time is the length of time when the film or digital sensor inside the camera is exposed to light. For it to be manually controlled you set you camera up on shutter mode 'S' and for it to be automatically controlled you set it up on the sports mood (diagram of a running man).
Higher number of the shutter speed of a moving object means clearer image but also the image will come out slightly darker than an image taken on low shutter speed because the lense is open for a shorter amount of time meaning it captures less light. Whereas smaller number on the shutter speed, gives us a blurrier image and a brighter image as it is open for longer and therefore it is able to capture more light. Any pictures taken lower/slower than 1/125th of a second need to be taken with a tripod otherwise the photo is unclear. |